Metacognition is a mental process that a person uses in learning. Metacognition is a conscious and deliberate process in which a person analyzes and manipulates their thought processes to solve problems and to achieve task. Psychologist define it as a way of thinking about thinking. Metacognition is essential in learning, gaining insight to problems, and organizing thought processes.
There are differential characteristics the various facts of metacognition; namely metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive experiences, and metacognitive skills ( Efklides, 2008).
- Metacognitve Knowledge consist of:
- Declarative knowledge stored in memory
- Models of cognitive processes, such as language, memory and so forth
- Information about self and others as cognitive beings and how well tasks are accomplished
- Information about task, strategies, and goals
- Metacognitive Experiences: experiences are what a person is aware of and what she or he feels when coming across a task and processing the information related to it.
- Metacognitive Skills are the deliberate use of strategies in order to control cognition.
(Efklides, 2008)
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